「最棒的閱讀是重讀。」(The best reading is rereading. -- Gretchen Rubin)
2021年1月14日 星期四
《給未來的讀者》讀後感:讀過的書,都將成為我們的後盾,讓我們更有自信
《過得還不錯的一年》讀後感:有自信地做自己,在成長的氣氛下,過感覺對的生活
二〇二一年一月一日,讀的第一本書就是《過得還不錯的一年》和《待在家裡也不錯》,開始肉體實驗並追蹤紀錄,真的拿A4空白紙張書寫,看哪些最適合自己跟是否有效。醜話說在前頭,讀完不能保證從此一帆風順,每一天、每一刻不見得都能快樂,一定還是會有遭逢不快樂的時刻,但是至少手中握有一張決心表,上面寫滿各式各樣的行動,不快樂的時候,隨時供你取用,表現出你要的感覺,最重要的就是貫徹執行並持續紀錄。
- 花錢換取健康和活力,吃天然、原形的食物,像是蔬菜和水果
- 改善人際關係,錢散人聚,像是請親友吃飯
- 為了讓工作順暢,買好一點的工具,像是買支好寫的筆
- 做一件讓自己很爽的事,你自己想
- 給自己留下快樂的回憶,像是來一趟埃及之旅
- 把運動當嗜好
- 打招呼,有禮貌
- 降低笑點,更常笑
- 留意自己的談話風格
- 出門度週末,接觸大自然
- 拒吃偽食物,像是洋芋片
- 自己做菜,比較健康,也比較省錢
- 把密碼改成要努力的目標或想達到的成就
過得還不錯的一年:我的快樂生活提案
目錄
致讀者。今天,為自己寫份happiness project吧
前言。這不是我心中美麗的房子
「以前我多麼快樂,只是當時我不明白。」我不想變成這樣∕我們會去教別人的事,正是自己需要學的∕不快樂,不等於有憂鬱症∕富蘭克林的十三種美德,算算看你實踐了多少種?∕帶著十二守則上路∕幸福的青鳥,就在自家廚房裡∕快樂的時候,要當好人比較容易
1月。把燈關掉,把垃圾袋打開
多睡一小時,等於加薪六萬元!∕運動,是為了讓你更有精神∕每天走一萬步,就能讓大部分人避免發胖!∕家裡東西愈多,你的心靈愈凌亂∕你家是哪種類型的凌亂?∕最好用的收納工具,就是……垃圾袋!∕你的「卸貨區」,在哪?∕別拖了,一分鐘就搞定!∕打過肉毒桿菌的人,比較不會生氣?∕本月心得:我比較冷靜了!
2月。老婆快樂,人生就快樂
這些事,有那麼急嗎?沒有。∕記得:擁抱時間請勿低於六秒!∕吵架或許難以避免,但你可以吵得有趣些∕正確的吵架,你就不會有罪惡感∕優秀的人未必快樂;但快樂的人通常都很優秀∕媽媽不快樂,全家不快樂∕每天至少擁抱五次,一個月後你會更快樂∕別氣別氣,樂在其中就好∕想要穩住婚姻?每天忍住三件事∕「怒氣就該發洩出來」--這種說法根本是胡說八道∕本月心得:快樂不是美德也不是歡愉,而是成長
3月。不超越自己,天堂有什麼意義?
真的,我們常常自己騙自己……∕想像一下你正在坐牢,無處可去……∕開一個部落格,給自己一個新身分∕不超越自己,天堂有什麼意義?∕找人幫忙吧,不要裝做自己什麼都懂∕每天給自己十五分鐘,燃一根芬芳的蠟燭∕享受當下,別老活在「等」的未來裡∕本月心得:創新?創意?先讓自己快樂再說吧……
4月。你今天唱歌了沒?
孩子,愚人節快樂!∕賴床?唱一唱起床歌吧……∕常說好,少說不,你將會有意外的驚喜……∕回憶快樂時光,有助於提高現在的快樂∕神奇的檔案箱、禮貌之夜與海盜晚餐∕時間,就該花在這種事情上……∕快樂的經驗可增強或減弱,要看你花在上頭的心力有多少∕本月心得:擴張你的「快樂領土」
5月。眼睛,一定要旅行
千萬不要因為別人說好玩,就覺得非玩不可∕你心裡喜歡什麼,大膽告訴世界吧∕如果只要吃便當看DVD,幹嘛住在紐約?∕世界很豐富,我們取一瓢飲就好∕仔細想想:你有那麼趕時間嗎?∕有時候,脫離一下日常的生活軌道∕閉上眼睛,隨便挑一本雜誌來讀∕想像一下你是收藏家,問問自己想收藏什麼東西?∕為自己的家,留一點混亂∕本月心得:我的「好玩」有三種,你呢?
6月。放過別人,饒了自己
除了上臉書祝賀生日,別忘了打通電話問好∕慷慨,其實可以不用花錢∕朋友生小孩,一定要去看!∕少講別人的八卦,八卦就不會回到自己身上∕問問自己:你有多久沒交新朋友了∕本月心得:把時間留給歡樂
7月。花錢,不要有罪惡感
係金ㄟ,花錢能讓你更快樂!∕錢,就該揮霍在這些事情上……∕「獲取」的過程,能帶來「成長」的感覺∕喜歡嗎?奶奶買更多給你……∕有需要,就要買!∕你是滿足者,還是遍尋者?∕買回家的東西,一定要「用掉」!∕有些事物,放棄吧∕本月心得:快樂生活,不等於一帆風順
8月。讀一本別人的災禍回憶錄
冥想死亡,讀一本災禍回憶錄吧∕你的昨天,快樂嗎?如何寫「一句話日記」……∕在結婚週年紀念日,更新遺囑∕寫感恩筆記,睡不著就乾脆起床∕如果要追隨一位精神導師,你會選誰?∕一朵小白花的春日故事∕表現出快樂,就是在告訴對方:你愛他∕不認為自己快樂的人,就不會快樂∕本月心得:當電話另一頭傳來壞消息,你會怎麼想?
9月。別勉強你的靈魂
動手寫小說,能讓你用新的眼睛看世界∕你管別人讀什麼,選你自己喜歡的書吧∕寫筆記,有一天你會用得著∕現在就動手製作一本書,如何?∕本月心得:不勉強的靈魂,是最美的
10月。離開之前,先走進去
學會專注,可以幫助你減少壓力,減輕慢性疼痛∕能將遠方豐厚財富帶回家的人,必然身懷豐厚財富∕完美並不完美,有瑕疵才算完美∕表達意見時,幽默和溫柔的態度會比憤怒更有用∕假笑練習久了,就會變真笑∕寫食物日記的節食者減掉的體重,是沒寫的人的兩倍∕本月心得:不要當快樂惡霸
11月。降低自己的笑點
孩子一天笑四百次,你呢?∕逗別人笑,是人生最美好的愉悅之一∕放棄自尊、放棄防衛、放棄自我中心,笑出來吧∕好鬥?友善?愛潑冷水?……你留意過自己的談話風格嗎?∕要沉重很容易,要輕鬆很困難∕玩「開心遊戲」:為每件事找出一個開心的理由∕本月心得:尋找精神上的「庇護區」
12月。一天很長,一年卻很短
讓糟糕的一天,變成「好的」糟糕的一天∕問問自己:感覺對了嗎?∕有一天我們會說:「當時真是一段快樂時光。」∕快樂,是必須堅持的∕本月心得:紅寶石鞋,始終在我腳上……
後記。過了還不錯的一年之後 ……
謝辭
快樂生活提案。啟動你的happiness project吧!
延伸閱讀
2021年1月1日 星期五
為什麼有錢人投資前都看研究報告(Vanguard, Morningstar, John C. Bogle, Warren E. Buffett)?
“How much you can contribute to your investments—not the gains on them—is going to be the biggest share of your portfolio’s growth. ”Christine Benz, Morningstar
A tale of two decades for U.S. andnon-U.S. equity: Past is rarely prologue
2020 Vanguard全球股市報酬預估,美國未必最好
Conclusion
Lessons From the Past 25 Years
Implications of a Bear Market for Retirement Security
退休時愈到股市嚴重下挫怎麼辦?---狀況其實沒想像中嚴重
Conclusion
Although bear markets are difficult to endure “in the moment,” the reality is that to participate in the equity markets, investors must expect periodic downside volatility or even protracted periods of below-average returns to justify an expectation of long-term growth beyond that achievable by bonds, cash, or other less risky investments. And although the 2000s, a period characterized by two severe bear markets, have certainly been a challenge for investors, we have shown that by following a diligent savings and investing plan, most retirees have been able to rely on their portfolios to meet a significant portion of their spending needs in retirement. In contrast, those investors who did not remain committed to a savings and investment plan over time were worse off in retirement. Going forward, because the performance of the markets is beyond anyone’s control, reacting to market volatility by substantially repositioning a portfolio offers little in the way of positive long-term impact. Instead, focusing on costs and savings rates while also ignoring the urge to alter an asset allocation may offer the best opportunities for long-term success.
How to Stay Disciplined (and Why It's Important Now)
市場下跌,就加碼,真的比較好嗎?
Whatever investment plan you craft, it's important to stick with it and avoid making big changes out of fear or greed. That often means sticking to your long-term strategic asset allocation, regardless of what's going on in the market, and populating it with low-cost, broadly diversified funds. That's easy to understand but can be hard to do. Checking in on your portfolio less frequently and keeping the plan simple can help. With investing, less is usually more.
Risk-taking across generations
回憶與經驗塑造你的投資模式
Implications
Although there may be concerns that millennial investors are too conservative as a generational cohort, we find that most Vanguard millennials are taking significant levels of equity market risk.
At the same time, a small but important group may have been affected by the global financial crisis and ought to reevaluate risk levels. We find greater risk-taking among older Vanguard investors than might be expected using conventional financial planning rules of thumb (such as “100 minus your age” to determine the percentage
of stocks to hold). This risk-taking likely reflects older cohorts’ experience with the great equity bull market of the 1980s and 1990s, as well as their broader financial wealth holdings, including the greater presence of pensions. Whether younger investors will, in the future, hold similar levels of equities as today’s older investors will depend not only on stock market experience but also on the changing nature of retirement savings.
How to increase the odds of owning the few stocks that drive returns
持股數目對績效的影響程度
Conclusion
Historical cumulative returns of individual stocks are skewed whereby overall market returns are determined by a small minority of stocks. Therefore, all else being equal, a more diversified portfolio is more likely to hold these outperforming stocks while displaying a lower dispersion of portfolio returns. We conducted simulations of various portfolio sizes and showed that those portfolios with fewer holdings underperformed those with more holdings, leading to a higher return hurdle to overcome. Understanding that some investors may prefer to generate returns above a certain excess return target, we found that decreasing the number of holdings increased the chance of outperformance but came with an even higher probability of underperformance by the same excess return target. In addition, investors who believe their stock-selection ability is better than chance would be best served applying that skill by selecting more stocks, not fewer. Finally, we tested mutual fund performance as a function of various levels of portfolio concentration as measured by number of holdings and found that, historically, increased diversification yielded higher returns.
Global equity investing:The benefits of diversification and sizing your allocation
本國與國際股市比重的問題
Conclusion
In light of our quantitative analysis and qualitative considerations, we have demonstrated that domestic investors should consider allocating part of their portfolios to international equities. In determining how much to allocate between domestic and international equities, a helpful starting point for investors is global market-capitalization weight. In practice, many investors will consider an allocation below this starting point based on their sensitivity to a number of considerations, including volatility reduction, implementation costs, taxes, regulation, and their own preferences.
Exchange-traded funds: Clarity amid the clutter
ETF
費用低廉的真正原因
Conclusion
ETFs offer an attractive, efficient way for investors to implement an investment strategy. ETFs’ broad acceptance in the market can be tied to their fundamental similarities with mutual funds, including their organizational structure, their strict regulatory framework, and, for many ETFs, their index-based nature. As a result, investors have used ETFs and mutual funds for similar purposes.
ETFs also possess important features stemming from the method by which investors transact in fund shares. Notably, secondary markets serve as an additional source of intraday liquidity for investors. Moreover, ETF market prices reveal valuable information about market conditions, including the level of transaction costs in the underlying markets and, with respect to international stock ETFs, a more current value of that ETF’s underlying securities. This means that the trading of ETFs represents an on-exchange source of liquidity at a mutually agreedupon price between market participants.
Warren Buffett's Letters to Berkshire Shareholders
巴菲特致股東信